How Air Conditioner Works

Air Conditioner use chemicals to convert gas to liquid and then liquid to gas. These chemicals used to transfer heat from the air inside of a home to the outside air. It consist of Three parts compressor, condenser and an evaporator.

Thermodynamics Books in PDF

Thermodynamics is a core subject of physics especially in engineering. There are many applications of thermodynamics in aeronautical, automobile and industrial machinery.

All these industries working on the principles of thermodynamics. Here are the books of thermodynamics from which you can understand thermodynamics laws, basic principles, fundamentals and use in daily life.

You can download these books in PDF or can read online without any cost.

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Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach 5th Edition

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Solution Manual of Thermodynamics An Engineering Approach 6th Edition

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Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics by Michael J. Moran 

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Statistical Thermodynamics Textbook by Chang-lin Tien and John H. Lienhard

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Thermodynamics Book

What is thermodynamics?

First you need to know about what is thermodynamics. Thermodynamics is a branch of physics which deals with the energy and work of a system. It is the core topic in physics. Everything thing relay on thermodynamics phenomena like automobiles, aeronautical, and industrial machinery etc. 

Thermodynamics Books:

There are too many books but there are some books which are best to understand the basic principles of thermodynamics. If you are looking for best thermodynamics books than here are the names of best books to understand thermodynamics.  

 

Best Thermodynamics Books List: 

 

 

Thermodynamics: An Engineering Approach by Yunus Cengel

An Introduction to Thermal Physics  by Daniel V. Schroede

Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics M. J. Moran, H. N. Shapiro

Fundamentals of Thermodynamics  by R.E. Sonntag, C. Borgnakke and G.J. Van Wylen

Understanding Thermodynamics by H. C Van Ness

Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics by  Micheal J. Moran

Fundamentals of Engineering Thermodynamics by  Daisie D. Boettner
Heat and Thermodynamics  by M. W. Zemansky 
Engineering Thermodynamics: Work and Heat Transfer  by Rogers G. F. C. and Mayhew Y. R
Fundamentals of Heat and Mass Transfer by  Theodore L. Bergman
Fundamentals of Thermodynamics by  C. Borgnakke 


These are the best books for college students and also for university students. These books covers all core areas of thermodynamics, Basic principles, Fundamentals of thermodynamics, Application of thermodynamics, Thermodynamics law's, Uses of thermodynamics in our daily life industrial thermodynamic process.

Third Law of Thermodynamics

Definition:

The third law of thermodynamics states that the entropy of a system at absolute zero is a well-defined constant. This is because a system at zero temperature exists in its ground state, so that its entropy is determined only by the degeneracy of the ground state. Entropy (S) is a measure of the number of specific ways in which a thermodynamic system may be arranged, commonly understood as a measure of disorder.

Description:

The Third Law of Thermodynamics is the lesser known of the three major thermodynamic laws. These laws help form the foundations of modern science. The laws of thermodynamics are absolute physical laws - everything in the observable universe is subject to them. Like time or gravity, nothing in the universe is exempt from these laws. In its simplest form, the Third Law of Thermodynamics relates the entropy of matter to its absolute temperature. No object or system can have a temperature of zero Kelvin, because of the Second Law of Thermodynamics. The Second Law, in part, implies that heat can never spontaneously move from a colder body to a hotter body. So, as a system approaches absolute zero, it will eventually have to draw energy from whatever systems are nearby. If it draws energy, it can never obtain absolute zero. So, this state is not physically possible, but is a mathematical limit of the universe. 
Water in gas form has molecules that can move around very freely. Water vapor has very high entropy. As the gas cools, it becomes liquid. The liquid water molecules can still move around, but not as freely. They have lost some entropy. When the water cools further, it becomes solid ice. The solid water molecules can no longer move freely, but can only vibrate within the ice crystals. The entropy is now very low. As the water is cooled more, closer and closer to absolute zero, the vibration of the molecules diminishes. If the solid water reached absolute zero, all molecular motion would stop completely. At this point, the water would have no entropy at all.

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system or systems never decreases, because isolated systems always evolve toward thermodynamic equilibrium, the state with maximum entropy.
Isolated System: In physics, an isolated system is either a thermodynamic system which is completely enclosed by walls through which can pass neither matter nor energy, though they can move around inside it or a physical system so far removed from others that it does not interact with them, though it is subject to its gravity.
Entropy: In thermodynamics, entropy (S) is a measure of the number of specific ways in which a thermodynamic system may be arranged, commonly understood as a measure of disorder.
The Second Law of Thermodynamics is formulated by Sadi Carnot in 1824.
The second law of thermodynamics asserts that processes occur in a certain direction and
that the energy has quality as well as quantity. The first law places no restriction on the direction of a process, and satisfying the first law does not guarantee that the process will occur. Thus, we need another general principle (second law) to identify whether a process can occur or not.
A process can occur when and only when it satisfies both the first and the second laws of
thermodynamics. The second law also asserts that energy has a quality. Preserving the quality of energy is a major concern of engineers. In the above example, the energy stored in a hot container
(higher temperature) has higher quality (ability to work) in comparison with the energy
contained (at lower temperature) in the surroundings. The second law is also used in determining the theoretical limits for the performance of commonly used engineering systems, such as heat engines and refrigerators etc

 

 

 

 

 

Heat Engines: 

Heat engines convert heat to work. There are several types of heat engines, but they are
characterized by the following:
1‐ They all receive heat from a high‐temperature source (oil furnace, nuclear reactor, etc.)
2‐ They convert part of this heat to work
3‐ They reject the remaining waste heat to a low‐temperature sink
4‐ They operate in a cycle.

Quantum Mechanics

Definition:

Quantum mechanics is the body of scientific laws that describe the wacky behavior of photons, electrons and the other particles that make up the universe. Quantum mechanics is the branch of physics relating to the very small. It results in what may appear to be some very strange conclusions about the physical world.Sep 26, 2014.

Mechanic Career

Overview:

Vehicle Technician/Mechanics specialises in the service and repair of vehicles.
Vehicle Technicians Mechanics work on the maintenance and repair of all type of motor vehicles, performing preventative and restorative work on the engine, electrics, brakes, gears, fuel pump, exhaust system, security features and air conditioning. They also carry out the routine servicing of vehicles, advising customers on the condition of their vehicle and test new vehicles for mechanical faults.

Salaries:

Trainee mechanics usually start on a salary of £7,000 - £11,000 depending on their age and experience. Qualified mechanics typically earn between £13,000 and £20,000 a year with the potential of progressing to £26,000 with experience. The median annual salary for mechanic and automotive technicians was $36,710 in 2013. The highest earners in the field made about $61,210, while the lowest-paid took home $20,920.

Responsibilities:

It depends on the type of vehicle and the work required but typically they include:

Preparing for and carrying out MOT tests

Assessing the condition of a vehicle in between required MOTs

Identifying mechanical faults in a vehicle's brakes, engine, gears or electrics etc.

Fitting clutches, springs and brake

Testing new vehicles to identify any faults in the mechanics

Rebuilding engines and gearboxes

Converting engines to liquid petroleum gas

Ordering and tuning parts

Fitting radios and other internal features

Customizing vehicles to the owner’s specifications

Advising owners on vehicle condition and cost of repairs

Dealing with fuel problems

Repairing and fitting tyres

Servicing and repairing vehicles which have broken down

Qualification:

In general, trainee vehicle technician/ mechanics are not required to have specific academic qualifications before they begin training, but employers will usually ask for good GCSEs in maths, science, technology and English. Mechanics may agree to train prospective employees without any GCSEs as long as they are able to demonstrate a head for science and engineering and good practical abilities. Most trainee vehicle technicians/ mechanics undertake an apprenticeship with a qualified employer, although these tend to be limited to school leavers and those aged 25 or under. Apprenticeships involve part practical experience and part theoretical training and usually incorporate a City & Guilds or BTEC certificate in a relevant subject. As an alternative to undertaking an apprenticeship, trainee mechanics can take a course in automotive engineering, such as a City & Guilds Certificate in Vehicle Maintenance and Repair or a BTEC National Certificate in Vehicle Repair and Technology which are offered by a wide range of colleges and education institutions across the country.

Required Skills For Auto Mechanics/Technicians:

    An excellent knowledge of motor technology

    Good communication skills

    The ability to listen to and follow instructions

    Excellent practical skills

    The ability to solve problems

    A willingness to work as part of a team
    The ability to concentrate for long periods of time
    A reasonable level of fitness
    Good manual dexterity
    Close attention to detail
    Normal color vision
    The ability to work independently and use own initiative
    A commitment to the industry and an up-to-date knowledge of issues relating to mechanics
    An awareness of health and safety regulations
    An enthusiasm for cars and other motor vehicles
    A flexible approach to the job

Experience:

Relevant experience is vital for getting a job as a vehicle technician/ mechanic. A practical work placement is tied into apprenticeships and most relevant qualifications, but it may be useful to undertake some work experience at a mechanics' firm or garage, in order to get a feel for what is involved in the job. Experience working in any practical or technological capacity will also be viewed favorably by potential employers.